Microstructure of an Extruded Third-Generation Snack Made from a Whole Blue Corn and Corn Starch Mixture

Authors

  • R. O. Navarro-Cortez1 Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa
  • E. Aguilar Palazuelos Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa
  • J. Zazueta Zazueta-Morales Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa
  • J. Castro Rosas Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo
  • J. Hernández Ávila Carretera Pachuca-Tulancingo
  • C. A. Gómez-Aldapa Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo
  • F. S. Aguirre-Tostado Parque de Investigación e Innovación Tecnológica

Keywords:

Extrusion, Expansion, Starch microstructure, Differential scanning calorimetry, Anthocyanins.

Abstract

Blue corn is a potential material for expanded snack production. Whole blue corn meal was mixed with corn starch and processed by extrusion to produce a third-generation snack. Optimum extrusion conditions were calculated with the response surface methodology using expansion index (EI), penetration force (PF), specific mechanical energy (SME) and total anthocyanins content (TAC). Optimum conditions (zone 1, 67°C; cooking zone, 123°C; zone 3, 75°C; feed moisture, 24.6%) were used to extrude the mixture in a single-screw extruder, and EI,PF,SME and TAC of the expanded pellet were compared against predicted optimum values. Starch structural changes in pellets and expanded were analyzed with DSC, viscosity profiles, x-ray diffraction and SEM. Extruded pellet did not differ (p>0.05) from the predicted. However, TAC was lower (p<0.05) in the expanded pellet. Structural analyses showed damage starch granular structure during extrusion and pellet expansion. Blue corn is a promising material for production of third-generation snacks.

Author Biographies

R. O. Navarro-Cortez1, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa

Facultad de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas

E. Aguilar Palazuelos, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa

Facultad de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas

J. Zazueta Zazueta-Morales, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa

Facultad de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas

J. Castro Rosas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo

Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo

J. Hernández Ávila, Carretera Pachuca-Tulancingo

Ãrea Académica de Ciencias
de la Tierra y Materiales

C. A. Gómez-Aldapa, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo

Ãrea Académica de Química

F. S. Aguirre-Tostado, Parque de Investigación e Innovación Tecnológica

Centro de Investigación en Materiales Avanzados

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Published

2014-08-28

Issue

Vol. 1 No. 1 (2014)

Section

Articles

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